Вперше методом FISH проведено картування послідовностей 5S та 45S рДНК у двох видів роду Iris L. Виявлено 10 мажорних сигналів 45S рДНК на хромосомах та інтерфазних ядрах Iris рumila L. та 6 сигналів у Iris pseudopumila Tineo. Знайдено 12 локусів 5S рДНК у I. рumila, тоді як у I. pseudopumila – лише два. Встановлено високий рівень міксоплоїдії у рослин I. рumila, що, ймовірно, пов’язано з гібридним походженням виду. Зважаючи на отримані результати, цілком вірогідно, що I. pseudopumila може бути однією з батьківських форм алотетраплоїдного I. рumila. Одержані дані можуть бути основою для наступних еволюційних досліджень цього виду. Обговорюються еволюційні зміни диплоїдних предкових форм після утворення алополіплоїдів і значення рибосомних послідовностей ДНК у виявленні цих змін.
Ключові слова: Iris рumila L., Iris pseudopumila Tineo, міксоплоїдія, флуоресцентна гібридизація in situ (FISH), гени 5S та 45S рДНК
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