There is increasing awareness that efficient and regular mitochondrial dynamics improves cardiac function and affects the quality of life. Melatonin is the main pineal gland hormone which ameliorates mitochondrial dynamics in many cardiac disorders. For that purpose, we administrated melatonin to healthy rats all day long to investigate a change in left ventricle mitochondrial dynamics both in the end of the nighttime and during daytime.Twenty male Wistar rats (3–4 months old) were randomly assigned into Control (C; n = 10) and Melatonin groups (MEL; 10 mg/kg melatonin, added to drinking water, n = 10). On the 5th day of the study, 5 rats from the groups were randomly selected and euthanized at 08:00 AM, the remaining 5 rats from each group were euthanized at 20:00 PM, and the samples of left ventricle (LV) tissue were harvested. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western-blot analysis demonstrated that melatonin plays a preventive role on mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy through the DRP1/FIS1 and BNIP3/NIX axis, respectively. Additionally, melatonin administration significantly reduced P21 activation, induced cell cycle arrest, P27, finally regulated caspase- depended mitochondrial apoptosis signals in a time-dependent manner. Our results suggest that melatonin may emerge as a therapeutic candidate to protect the bioenergetic dynamics of mitochondria in heart.
Keywords: melatonin, heart, apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy
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