Mobile genetic elements (MGE) of bacteria and their hierarchy

Skliar T., Kurahina N., Lavrentieva K., Burlaka V., Lykholat T., Lykholat O.

SUMMARY. This review highlights mobile genetic elements (MGE) of bacteria, widespread in different genomes. MGE encode the functions that are insignificant for bacteria yet give them some advantages (adjusting to new environmental conditions, «invading» and colonizing a new host, etc.) and play a relevant role in ensuring the mobility of genomes. The article summarizes and analyzes current data on mobile genetic elements of bacteria and the specificities of their interaction, reviews the mechanisms of mobility of genetic elements and incompatibility of bacteriophages, plasmids, and restriction-modification systems. It also underscores the classification and the mechanisms of functioning for restriction-modification systems in bacterial cells. The attention is focused on the incompatibility of mobile genetic elements, as it reflects their individual and egoistic nature and is even used as a basis to classify some of them. Mobile genetic elements are viewed both as promising biotechnological objects for cloning and gene expression, and a «tool» in studying many fundamental issues.

Key words: mobile genetic elements, pathogenicity islands, bacteriophages, plasmids, RM-systems, incompatibility

Tsitologiya i Genetika 2021, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 58-75

1. Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 72, Gagarina prosp., Dnipro 49010
2. University of Customs and Finance, 2/4, Volodymyra Vernadskoho Str., Dnipro, Ukraine

E-mail: micriviro ukr.net, nvcher gmail.com, biomedgurt gmail.com, veronicazvarych gmail.com, lyktata89 ukr.net, lykholat2010 ukr.net

Skliar T., Kurahina N., Lavrentieva K., Burlaka V., Lykholat T., Lykholat O. Mobile genetic elements (MGE) of bacteria and their hierarchy, Tsitol Genet., 2021, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 58-75.

In "Cytology and Genetics":
T. Sklyar, N. Kurahina, K. Lavrentieva, V. Burlaka, T. Lykholat & O. Lykholat Autonomic (Mobile) Genetic Elements of Bacteria and Their Hierarchy, Cytol Genet., 2021, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 256–269
DOI: 10.3103/S0095452721030099

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