Цитологія і генетика 2023, том 57, № 5, 89-94
Cytology and Genetics 2023, том 57, № 5, 500–516, doi: https://www.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452723050067

Mendelism: connecting the dots across centuries

Sukhija N., Kanaka K.K., Malik A.A., Singh S., Ganguly I., Dixit SP, Verma A., Dash A.

  1. CAR – National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
  2. TERI North Eastern Regional Centre, Guwahati, Assam
  3. ICAR – National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal

РЕЗЮМЕ. 2022 рік віддав данину 200­річчю феноменальної роботи батька генетики, Грегора Йоганна Менделя, щодо розшифрування генетичної логіки фенотипів. Квінтесенцією його принципів були закон розщеплення та закон незалежного успадкування. Тридцять чотири роки по тому його роботу було заново відкрито Гуго де Фрізом, К.Е. Корренсом, Е. Чермак та популяризовано В. Бетсоном. У той час як Ч. Дарвін пояснював подібності між організмами відмінностями в формі еволюції, Г. Мендель пояснював подібності спадковістю; ідеологічні прогалини були математично заповнені Р. Фішером. З ча­сом взаємодія між дослідниками проклала шлях менделевським принципам у різні сфери генетики, зокрема, цитогенетику, молекулярну генетику, популяційну генетику, кількісну генетику тощо. Наразі ми потрапили в еру геноміки й нової галузі, феноміки, потенціал яких дозволяє заповнити величезну прогалину між попитом і пропозицією щодо різних агропромислових та суміжних товарів. Щоб поєднати дослідників­початківців у сфері генетики з менделізмом та пояснити його значимість, ми зосередили свої зусилля на відстеженні менделізму протягом століть, підкреслюючи його важливість та екстраполюючи концепцію спадковості й мінливості на прикладі посівного гороху на різні форми життя. Зрештою, з поглибленням наших знань щодо генетики ми побачимо краще розуміння основних механізмів та відповідних способів практичного застосування.

Ключові слова: хромосома, Дарвін, ДНК, еволюція, ген, генетика, історія, Мендель, мінливість

Цитологія і генетика
2023, том 57, № 5, 89-94

Current Issue
Cytology and Genetics
2023, том 57, № 5, 500–516,
doi: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452723050067

Повний текст та додаткові матеріали

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