Выполнено сравнительное исследование кариотипов двух сибирских видов лиственниц – L. sibirica и L. gmelinii, произрастающих в зоне лесотундры на полуострове Таймыр. Проведен анализ числа хромосом и показано возрастание хромосомной нестабильности у лиственниц в условиях лесотундры. Проведена оценка размеров и морфологии хромосом, локализации и частоты встречаемости вторичных перетяжек в хромосомах L. sibirica и L. gmelinii. Изучены параметры хромосом в полиплоидных клетках L. gmelinii. Проведен анализ асимметрии кариотипов L. sibirica и L. gmelinii. Исследованы спектр и частота встречаемости хромосомных перестроек у L. sibirica и L. gmelinii. С привлечением данных кариологического анализа обсуждаются вопросы дифференциации и адаптации исследованных видов лиственниц на территории Таймыра.
РЕЗЮМЕ. Виконано порівняльне дослідження кариотипів двох
сибірських видів модрин – L. sibirica і L. gmelinii, які ростуть в зоні лісотундри на півострові Таймир. Проведено аналіз числа хромосом і показано зростання хромосомної нестабільності у модрин в умовах лісотундри. Проведено оцінку розмірів і морфології хромосом, локалізації та частоти виникнення вторинних перетяжок в хромосомах L. sibirica і L. gmelinii. Вивчено параметри хромосом в поліплоїдних клітинах L. gmelinii. Проведено аналіз асиметрії кариотипів L. sibirica і L. gmelinii. Досліджено спектр та частоту народження хромосомних перебудов у L. sibirica і L. gmelinii. Із залученням даних каріологічного аналізу обговорюються питання диференціації та адаптації досліджених видів модрин на території Таймиру.
Ключові слова: полуостров Таймыр, Larix sibirica, Larix gmelinii, кариологический анализ, асимметрия кариотипов, хромосомные перестройки
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