Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by triglycerides deposition in hepatocytes causing their injury and leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis. Mangosteen (MG) is a tropical fruit that contains a lot of bioactive antioxidant, and antiadipogenic compounds. Aim: To investigate the ability of MG to ameliorate NAFLD/NASH and its role in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy within the injured hepatocytes. A total number of 50 adult male mice were divided into 5 groups: GI were fed with standard diet, GII were fed with high fat diet (HFD), GIII were fed with HFD concomitant with MG by oral gavage for 16 weeks, GIV were fed with HFD for 16 weeks followed by MG for 2 weeks, and GV were fed with HFD for 16 weeks followed by standard diet (SD) for 2 weeks. MG reduced body weight gain, liver weight coefficient, and plasma free fatty acids levels. There was a decrease in lipid accumulation with improved liver function. Most of the histopathological changes observed in NASH were ameliorated. Immunohistochemical results showed that MG increased autophagy process and suppressed hepatocyte apoptosis. There was a significant decrease in CD68 positive macrophages and a significant decrease in αSMA expression. MG exerts effects by regulating hepatic lipid homeostasis, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Therefore, it could be a new approach to a dietary based method that suspends the onset and development of steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis and HCC risk by the prevention and management of NAFLD//NASH.
Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, mangosteen, apoptosis, autophagy
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