TSitologiya i Genetika 2021, vol. 55, no. 4, 54-64
Cytology and Genetics 2021, vol. 55, no. 4, 340–349, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.3103/S0095452721040137

Abnormalities in the number and structure of chromosomes, associated with immunodeficiencies

Yarema N., Boyarchuk O., Chornomydz I., Panasiuk Y.

  • Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine, 1, Maydan Voli, Ternopil, 46001, Ukraine

SUMMARY. Recurrent infections in children with chromosomal abnormalities are associated with anatomical features of the upper respiratory tract and neuromuscular disorders, however, immunological abnormalities may increase susceptibility to infections. The article analyses the studies of the immune system of children with chromosomal abnormalities. The search in the international databases OMIM, Scopus, and PubMed was conducted using the keywords. The immunological examination of children with Down syndrome, 22q11.2 deletion, Nijme-gen, Louis-Bar, Turner, Wolf-Hirschhorn, Jacobsen, CHARGE, Cornelia de Lange demonstrated their immunodeficiency, manifested in the changes in cellular immunity and hypogammaglobulinemia. The article highlights the pathogenetic mechanisms of immunological deviations in children with chromosomal abnormalities. It is emphasized that during the neonatal screening for severe combined immunodeficiency, T-cell lymphopenia is detected in patients with chromosomal abnormalities, so they should be considered a group with a high risk of immunodeficiency. Early diagnosis of chromosomal diseases will determine the severity of immunological disorders, enable their timely correction, prevent infectious complications, and improve life quality.

Keywords: chromosome anomalies, immunodeficiency recurrent infections, neonatal screening

TSitologiya i Genetika
2021, vol. 55, no. 4, 54-64

Current Issue
Cytology and Genetics
2021, vol. 55, no. 4, 340–349,
doi: 10.3103/S0095452721040137

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