SUMMARY. The genetic polymorphism in Iris pumila L., a rare ornamental species involved in hybridization, was stu-died with PCR analysis using three types of primers: the first group was based on microsatellite repeats (ISSR), the second was complementary to the sequences of transposable elements (IRAP and iPBS), and the third – to the genes of abiotic stress response (LP-PCR). The high levels of intraspecific and intrapopulation genetic polymorphism were revealed for I. pumila, whose indices appeared to be comparable to other species of this genus. The main indices of genetic polymorphism were determined for five populations of I. pumila from the territory of Ukraine: the percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 26,5–68,5 %, Shannon index (S) was 0.105–0,285, and gene diversity (Hе) was 0,069–0,190. ISSR-analysis demonstrated the direct relationship between the level of variation and the size of population, whereas two other types of markers showed the negative correlation between these indices. The direct relationship between genetic and geographic distances between populations was found only using ISSR-markers. The highest level of genetic polymorphism was detected by LP-PCR-markers, while the population assignment of all the individual plants was possible only with ISSR-markers. The developed system of PCR-based markers can be used to monitor the gene pool further on, and to study the genetic structure of populations and migration.
Keywords: Iris pumila L., rare species, PCR analysis, genetic polymorphism, population genetic structure
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