Characterization of restorer lines form an imperative part of successful hybrid breeding programme in rice. Conventional methods of restorer lines characterization based on pollen and spikelet fertility is quite unreliable due to environmental factors. However, DNA based markers for the presence or absence of fertility restoration genes serve as an efficient, reliable, and rapid technique. In present investigation, 55 rice genotypes were characterized for fertility restorer (Rf) and submergence tolerance genes using QTL/gene based molecular markers. Marker analysis revealed that 46 genotypes have Rf4 gene, 51 genotypes have Rf3 gene, and 42 genotypes have both Rf4 and Rf3 genes while only 3 genotypes have Sub1 gene. Hence, these genotypes can be used as an effective restorer line in future rice hybrid breeding programmes depending upon the objective. Additionally, CR 299453211, PAU 3207, and Swarna Sub1 can be utilized as restorers of male fertility breeding programmes orientated to produce submergence tolerant rice hybrids.
Keywords: Restorer lines, rice hybrid, cytoplasmic male sterility, fertility restoration, and submergence tolerance
Full text and supplemented materials
References
Gaborieau, L., Brown, G.G., and Mireau, H., The propensity of pentatricopeptide repeat genes to evolve into restorers of cytoplasmic male sterility, Front. Plant Sci., 2016, vol. 7, p. 1816.
Gautam, R., Shukla, P., and Kirti, P.B., Male sterility in plants: an overview of advancements from natural CMS to genetically manipulated systems for hybrid seed production, Theor. Appl. Genet., 2023, vol. 136, no. 9, p. 195.
Haque, M.A., Rafii, M.Y., Yusoff, M.M., Ali, N.S., Yusuff, O., Arolu, F., and Anisuzzaman, M., Flooding tolerance in rice: Adaptive mechanism and marker-assisted selection breeding approaches, Mol. Biol. Rep., 2023, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 2795–2812.
Huang, M., The decreasing area of hybrid rice production in China: Causes and potential effects on Chinese rice self-sufficiency, Food Secur., 2022, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 267–272.
Kitazaki, K., Oda, K., Akazawa, A., and Iwahori, R., Molecular genetics of cytoplasmic male sterility and restorer-of-fertility for the fine tuning of pollen production in crops, Theor. Appl. Genet., 2023, vol. 136, no. 7, p. 156.
Kumar, V., Kumar, P., and Chattopadhyay, T., A rapid and reproducible method for isolation of genomic DNA from a few crop plants suitable for polymerase chain reaction based on genotypic, J. Appl. Nat. Sci., 2017, vol. 9, pp. 1119–1122.
Kuroha, T. and Ashikari, M., Molecular mechanisms and future improvement of submergence tolerance in rice, Mol. Breed., 2020, vol. 40, no. 4, p. 41.
Nematzadeh, G.A. and Kiani, G., Genetic analysis of fertility restoration genes for WA type cytoplasmic male sterility in Iranian restorer rice line DN-33-18, Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2010, vol. 9, no. 38, pp. 6273–6277.
Peng, G., Liu, Z., Zhuang, C., and Zhou, H., Environment-sensitive genic male sterility in rice and other plants, Plant Cell Environ., 2023, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 1120–1142.
Pranathi, K., Viraktamath, B.C., Neeraja, C.N., Balachandran, S.M., Prasad, A.S.H., Rao, P.K., Revathi, P., Senguttuvel, P., Hajira, S.K., Balachiranjeevi, C.H., Naik, S.B., Abhilash, V., Praveen, M., Parimala. K., Kulkarni, S.R., Anila, M., Rekha. G., Koushik, M.B.V.N., Kemparaju, B., Madhav. M.S., Mangrauthia. S.K., Harika. G., Dilip, T., Kale, R.R., Prasanth, V.V., Babu, V.R., and Sundaram, R.M., Development and validation of candidate gene-specific markers for the major fertility restorer genes Rf4 and Rf3 in rice, Mol. Breed., 2016, vol. 36, p. 145.
Shi, J., An, G., Weber, A.P., and Zhang, D., Prospects for rice in 2050, Plant Cell Environ., 2023, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 1037–1045.
Singh, A.K., Ponnuswamy, R., Prasad, M.S., Sundaram, R.M., Prasad, A.S.H., Senguttuvel, P., Raju, K.B.K., and Sruthi, K., Improving blast resistance of maintainer line DRR 9B by transferring broad spectrum resistance gene Pi2 by marker assisted selection in rice, Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants, 2023, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 253–262.
Sinha, S., Kumar. A., Satyendra, Kumar, M., Singh, S.P., and Singh, P.K., Screening of rice genotypes for abiotic and biotic stresses using molecular markers, J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., 2018, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 2111–2115.
Song, Y., Shan, Z., Mao, L.H., Huang, R.L., Xiong, H.L., Shen, L.J., and Shen, X.H., Molecular identification of the cytoplasmic male sterile source from Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.), J. Integr. Agric., 2017, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1669–1675.
Tan, Q., Chen, S., Gan, Z., Lu, Q., Yan, Z., Chen, G., Lin, S., Yang, W., Zhao, J., Ba, Y., Zhu, H., Bu, S., Liu, G., Liu, Z., Wang, S., and Zhang, G., Grain shape is a factor affecting the stigma exertion rate in rice, Front. Plant Sci., 2023, vol. 14, p. 1087285.
Vijayalakshmi, D., Muthulakshmi, S., Arumugaperu-mal, M., and Raveendran, M., Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic gas exchange in submergent tolerant CO 43 Sub1 lines, Plant Physiol. Rep., 2020, vol. 25, pp. 245–254.
Wang, D., Wang, H., Xu, X., Wang, M., Wang, Y., Chen, H., Ping, F, Zhong, H., Mu, Z., Xie, W., Li, X., Feng, J., Zhang, M., Fan, Z., Yang, T., Zhao, J., Liu, B., Ruan, Y., Zhang, G., Liu, C., and Liu, Z., Two complementary genes in a presence-absence variation contribute to indica-japonica reproductive isolation in rice, Nat. Commun., 2023, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 4531.
Xu, Y., Yu, D., Chen, J., and Duan, M., A review of rice male sterility types and their sterility mechanisms, Heliyon, 2023(a).
Xu, Z., Du, Y., Li, X., Wang, R., Zhao, X., Liu, Q., Tang, S, and Zhang, H., Identification and fine mapping of a fertility restorer gene for wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility in the elite indica rice non-restorer line 9311, Crop J., 2023(b), vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 887–894.
Yuan, S., Linquist, B.A., Wilson, L.T., Cassman, K.G., Stuart, A.M., Pede, V., Miro, B., Saito, K., Augustiani., Aristya, V.E., Krisnadi, L.Y., Zanon A.J., Heinemann, A.B., Carracelas, G., Subash, N., Brahmanand, P.S., Li, T., Peng S., and Grassini, P., Sustainable intensification for a larger global rice bowl, Nat. Commun., 2021, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 7163.