Relationship of stimulation of plant antioxidant protection and signs of genome instability

Sokolova D.O., Halych T.V., Zhuk V.V., Kravets O.P., Kuchuk M.V.

SUMMARY. The relationship between stimulation of low-molecular-weight antioxidant accumulation in pharmaceutical plant raw material (inflorescences) and the markers of radiation-induced genome instability at the stage of plant flowering under X-ray exposure were investigated. The study of rearrangements of DNA primary structure under different dose exposure was carried out by PCR using eight ISSR and ten RAPD primers. Dose – dependent changes in amplicon spectra during ISSR – RAPD – PCR were analyzed using the Jacquard similarity index. It was found that the largest rearrangements of the primary DNA structure of both genotypes, which was indicated as a decrease in similarity with the control spectra of amplicon, was observed under exposure with doses 5–10 Gray. There was a tendency to approach this indicator to the control one under 15 Gray dose, which mint increased efficiency of reparative processes. The relationship between the polymorphism of the primary structure of DNA by ISSR-RAPD-sequences through different genotypes and the nature of its rearrangement under radiation exposure was shown. Comparison of the results with no monotonic dose curves of the specific flavonoids’ and phenols’ content allowed us to conclude that the stimulation of antioxidant protection was shown under doses corresponding to low efficiency of repair processes and, accordingly reduced it under genetic material repair. The interpretation of the identified phenomenon is based on the known connection between the effects of genomic instability and the increase in the level of reactive oxygen species and the general principles of antioxidant protection. The significance of the obtained results through the development of the scientific basis for the implementation of small radiation exposure doses in biotechnology, particularly in pharmacology is discussed.

Key words: genome instability, pre-sowing seeds radiation exposure, secondary metabolism, biotechnology

Tsitologiya i Genetika 2022, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 41-51

• Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, st. Akademika Zabolotnogo, 148, Kyiv, 03143 Ukraine

E-mail: dasokolova88 gmail.com, vzhukv gmail.com, sdgfbd gmail.com, kaplibra gmail.com, nkuchuk icbge.org.ua

Sokolova D.O., Halych T.V., Zhuk V.V., Kravets O.P., Kuchuk M.V. Relationship of stimulation of plant antioxidant protection and signs of genome instability, Tsitol Genet., 2022, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 41-51.

In "Cytology and Genetics":
D. O. Sokolova, T. V. Halych, V. V. Zhuk, O. P. Kravets & M. V. Kuchuk Association of the Stimulation of Plant Antioxidant Protection with Traits of Genome Instability, Cytol Genet., 2022, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 431–440
DOI: 10.3103/S0095452722050103

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