TSitologiya i Genetika 2020, vol. 54, no. 4, 30-45
Cytology and Genetics 2020, vol. 54, no. 4, 305–317, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.3103/S0095452720040076

Changes in allele frequencies at storage protein loci of winter common wheat under climate change

Kozub N.O., Sozinov I.O., Chaika V.M., Sozinova O.I., Janse L.A., Blume Ya.B.

  1. Insitute of Plant Protection, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, 03022, Kyiv, Vasylkivska str., 33, Ukraine
  2. Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 04123, Kyiv, Osypovskogo str., 2а, Ukraine
  3. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041, Kyiv, Heroyiv Oborony st., 15, Ukraine

SUMMARY. Allele frequencies at the storage protein loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1, and Gli-A3, as well as the population structure, were studied in groups of winter common wheat cultivars developed in different periods of time in two soil and climate zones: the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (at the Myronivka Remeslo Institute of Wheat (MIW)) and the Steppe of Ukraine (at the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute (PBGI)), a total of 275 cultivars. The cultivars were grouped based on registration time: before 1996 (period 1), in 1996–2010 (period 2), and after 2010 (period 3). Differences in mean annual temperature in the periods of development of these cultivars amounted 0,6–0,7 °С between periods 1 and 2, and as high as 0,9 and 1,0 °С between periods 2 and 3 for the Forest-Steppe and Steppe zones, respectively. In the groups of winter wheat varieties of both MIW and PBGI developed after 2010, specific sets of predominant alleles were basically retained. At the same time, there were clear correlations between changes in frequencies of certain alleles and annual temperature changes in the locations were selection of genotypes (future cultivars) during breeding took place. The most prominent changes in allele frequencies were revealed for the cultivars developed in the Steppe of Ukraine: for the PBGI cultivars such temporal changes were detected for 10 alleles at 4 loci. Most probably this is due to the fact that in the Steppe zone the annual temperature has reached the high absolute value, and new coadaptive gene associations are being formed and selected during breeding. The increased contribution of wheat germplasm derived from regions with the higher temperatures to winter common wheat breeding in the Steppe zone might be expected.  

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., cultivars, gliadins, high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, population structure, global warming

TSitologiya i Genetika
2020, vol. 54, no. 4, 30-45

Current Issue
Cytology and Genetics
2020, vol. 54, no. 4, 305–317,
doi: 10.3103/S0095452720040076

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