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SUMMARY. Using the method of GTG staining of human metapha-se chromosomes, the frequency of spontaneous and induced by X-ray in vitro (0,25 Gy) chromosome aberrations as well as the level of chromosomal instability as a result of the bystander effect in the blood lymphocytes of individuals aged from 12 to 102 years had been investigated. The average group frequency of spontaneous chromosome aberrations in adolescents (12–16 years), middle-aged people (33–52 years) and centenarians (90–102 years) was identical (p > 0,05), whereas in elderly persons (60–70 years) it was higher due to increase of chromatid type aberrations rate
(p <0,05). In the irradiated in vitro blood lymphocytes of individuals aged 12–16 years, 33–52 years and 90–102 years the levels of chromosome aberrations did not differ among themselves (p > 0,05), however in persons aged 60–70 years the total frequency of chromosomal aberrations exceeded the value of such indicators in other age groups due to the chromosome type aberrations (p < 0,05). In unexposed blood lymphocytes of ado-lescents, middle-aged and elderly persons, when co-cultivated with irradiated in vitro (0,25 Gy) cells, the induction of the bystander effect had been recorded. In lymphocytes of centenarians the development of the bystander effect had not been detected.
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