SUMMARY. The coronavirus disease of the year 2019 (COVID-19) poses a serious threat to human health. Nowadays the relevant topic appears to be the prognosis of human chronic illnesses progress and development after the coronavirus infection beating. Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative joint disease. It was shown that this malady may be induced by various factors, such as oxidative stress impact, hypercholesterolemia, increased aggrecan-degradative activity of specific proteases during certain endocytosis pathway disruption, and so on. Hence the aim of this work was to analyze the expression of OLR1, ACAN and LRP1 genes in synovial membrane cells of osteoarthritis patients having beaten SARS-CoV-2 infection. The research included 60 humans (males) aged 50–55 years. The volunteers were separated into following groups: the first group (n = 20) – conditionally healthy individuals, the second group (n = 20) – patients with II–III degree knee joint osteoarthritis, the third group consisted of 20 patients with II–III degree knee joint osteoarthritis having successfully beaten COVID-19. The human blood plasma cholesterol concentration was measured by the enzymatic method using a diagnostic set of reagents. The intensity of superoxide anion ra-dical generation in synovial liquid was estimated by the HTT-formazan accumulation. The level of OLR1, ACAN and LRP1 gene expression in knee joint synovial membrane cells was assessed by RT-qPCR. The OLR1 gene expression increase was demonstrated mostly in osteoarthritis patient synovial membrane cells having beaten COVID-19, if compared to the group with knee joint osteoarthritis, against the background of more intensive increase of both blood plasma cholesterol concentration and free radical process activation (the superoxide anion radical amount increase) in synovial liquid of osteoarthritis patients after SARS-CoV2-infection. This may be due to the increase in system-wide inflammation while а body responds to the virus. At the same time the more prominent decrease of the ACAN gene expression was shown in synovial membrane cells of patients with osteoarthritis having beaten COVID-19, in comparison with the group of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis. Such findings indicate more pronounced activation of destructive processes within cells after carried out infection, and can be mediated by the decrease of the LRP1 gene expression, which, in its own turn, is capable of propagating the illness further progress. The understanding of a more severe osteoarthritis progress and possible complication development in patients with the post-COVID-19 syndrome, taking both LOX1/ox-LDL and LRP1-endocytosis pathway into consideration requires additional research attempts.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, OLR1, ACAN, LRP1 gene expression, osteoarthritis, cholesterol, superoxide anion radical
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