SUMMARY. The role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a signaling me-diator-gasotransmitter in the thermoresistance of plant cells remains poorly understood. The participation of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in heat resistance formation of wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by short-term exposure to high temperatures was studied. After a one-minute exposure to a temperature of 42 °C in wheat seedlings roots, a transient increase in hydrogen sulfide with a maximum of 1.5 h after heating was observed. At the same time, 24 h after exposure to high temperature, the H2S content in roots decreased to the level of control. The effect of increasing the content of hydrogen sulfide caused by the action of the hardening temperature did not manifest under the treatment of seedlings with scavenger hypotaurine and the inhibitor of L-cysteine desulfhydrase sodium pyruvate. The hardening heating of seedlings caused a rapid increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in roots and a gradual increase in the activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase. The maximum effect of changing the activity of these antioxidant enzymes was observed 24 h after exposure to hardening temperature. Treatment of seedlings with hypotaurine and sodium pyruvate before hardening heating eliminated the effect of increasing the activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase, but almost did not affect the activity of SOD. Damaging heating (45 °C, 10 min) of seedlings caused an increase in the content of lipid peroxidation products (LPO) in root cells and the subsequent death of a significant part of seedlings. The preliminary hardening heating significantly increased the heat resistance, decreasing the LPO intensity and the level of seedling death. At the same time, their treatment with the hydrogen sulfide scavenger hypotaurine and the L-cysteine desulfhydrase inhibitor sodium pyruvate largely neutralized the development of heat resistance caused by hardening heating. A conclusion was made about the role of hydrogen sulfide as a signaling mediator in the regulation of the antioxidant system and the development of seedlings’ heat resistance under the action of a hardening temperature.
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