SUMMARY. Educational and 3 We have shown decreased expression of the gene involved in the synthesis of collagen Col2a1 in the blood and esophageal mucus in the alkaline esophageal burn of the 2nd degree (AEB 2). When melanin was administered, the level of expression of the Col2a1 gene in the blood and esophagus tissues increased as compared to those in AEB 2. During the histological study, we have determined the intensity of deposition of collagen fibers, and also have measured the index of stenosis of the esophagus and assessed the effect of melanin on the healing processes: less pronounced formation of collagen fibers in damaged esophagus tissues. It was found that in the serum of blood and esophageal mucosa, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was increased and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased. After the administration of melanin, the normalization of the content of cytokines was noted in comparison with the indicators at AEB 2, indicating the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties of this substance and demonstrating the prospect of the use of melanin as a substance contributing to the healing of chemical burn of the esophagus without the formation of a pathological scar.
Keywords: alkaline burn of the esophagus, fibrosis, expression of Col2a1 genes, cytokines, melanin
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