TSitologiya i Genetika 2018, vol. 52, no. 1, 16-27
Cytology and Genetics 2018, vol. 52, no. 1, 11-20, doi: https://www.doi.org/10.3103/S0095452718010085

Comparison of alleles at Gli-1 loci of common wheat by means of two-dimensional electrophoresis of gliadin and RFLP analysis

Metakovsky E.V., Melnik V.A., Vaccino P., Rodriguez-Quijano M.

SUMMARY. Allelic variants of a Gli-1 locus is known to control groups (blocks) of gliadin polypeptides (gliadins). Some allelic variants of blocks which differ in the electrophoretic (acid gel) mobility (EM) of only one of gliadins of the block were compared using two-dimensional electrophorsis (acid gel × SDS) and RFLP procedure. It was found that in these pairs of similar alleles (Gli-B1f, Gli-B1s and Gli-D1a as compared with Gli-B1е, Gli-B1n and Gli-D1с, respectively) faster γ-gliadin had smaller molecular weight (MW). Аlleles at the Gli-A1 locus (Gli-A1j, Gli-A1i, Gli-A1a, Gli-A1k and Gli-A1f) differ in the EM of the γ-gliadin, so that Gli-A1j control the slowest γ-gliadin, and Gli-A1f the fastest one. We found that in this order of alleles faster γ-gliadin always had smaller MW. It is suggested that similar alleles might arise one from another by way of spontaneous mutations which change the number of repeating sequenses, or length of the polyglutamine domain present in the γ-gliadin gene thereby influencing MM and EM of encoding polypeptide. Other mechanisms of the mutational appearance of new alleles were found earlier by means of comparing of pairs of alleles Gli-D1a and Gli-D1k (gene silencing), and Gli-D1b and Gli-D1d (gene amplification). We discovered contrast families of alleles at the Gli-B1 and at the Gli-D1 loci, and also two variants of apparently the same allele Gli-D1a which differed in the number of encoded ω-gliadins. Families of alleles in one locus T. aestivum might inherit from different genotypes of corresponding diploid donor, as it was suggested by us earlier.

Keywords: Common wheat, Gliadin, Alleles at the Gli-1 loci, Two-dimensional electrophorsis, RFLP

TSitologiya i Genetika
2018, vol. 52, no. 1, 16-27

Current Issue
Cytology and Genetics
2018, vol. 52, no. 1, 11-20,
doi: 10.3103/S0095452718010085

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